# Resources # Academic Papers/Articles ##### **General** **[Kuniyoshi's "Minamoto Raikō" and "the Earth Spider": Demons and Protest in Late Tokugawa Japan](https://www.jstor.org/stable/4629355)** Melinda Takeuchi **(1987)** **[San'yūntei Enchō's Ghosts and the Aesthetics of Things Unseen](https://www.jstor.org/stable/42800197)** Daniel O'Neill **(2002)** **[The Yōkai in the Database: Supernatural Creatures and Folklore in Manga and Anime](https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.13110/marvelstales.27.2.0276)** Deborah Shamoon **(2013)** **[To Believe and Not to Believe: A Native Ethnography of Kanashibari in Japan](https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/jamerfolk.128.508.0146)** Ayako Yoshimura **(2015)** **[Traversing the Natural, Supernatural, and Paranormal: Yōkai in Postwar Japan](https://www.jstor.org/stable/48686684)** Hirota Ryūhei **(2021)** [**Will the Real Ancestor Please Stand Up? Ritual and the Social Construction of Ancestors, Kami, and Goblins in Japan**](https://www.jstor.org/stable/44735502) E. Leslie Williams **(2015)** --- ##### **Individual Yōkai Studies** **[Animating Objects: Tsukumogami ki and the Medieval Illustration of Shingon Truth](https://www.jstor.org/stable/40660967)** Noriko T. Reider **(2009)** **[Haunting Modernity: Tanuki, Trains, and Transformation in Japan](https://www.jstor.org/stable/41551381)** Michael Dylan Foster **(2012)** **[Imagining the Spirits of Deceased Pregnant Women](https://www.jstor.org/stable/27009002)** Manami Yasui **(2020)** **[Onmyōji: Sex, Pathos, and Grotesquery in Yumemakura Bakus Oni](https://www.jstor.org/stable/30030452)** Noriko T. Reider **(2007)** **[The Dream of the Yamanba - An Overview](https://www.jstor.org/stable/48618707)** Mizuta Noriko (Translated by Luciana Sanga) **(2018)** **[The Goblin Fox and Badger and Other Witch Animals of Japan](https://www.jstor.org/stable/1177429)** U. A. Casal **(1959)** **[The "Kappa" Legend: A Comparative Ethnological Study on the Japanese Water-Spirit "Kappa" and Its Habit of Trying to Lure Horses into the Water](https://www.jstor.org/stable/1177401)** Ishida Eiichirô **(1950)** [**The Metamorphosis of the Kappa: Transformation of Folklore to Folklorism in Japan**](https://www.jstor.org/stable/1178994) Michael Dylan Foster **(1998)** **[The Nue and Other Monsters in Heike Monogatari](https://www.jstor.org/stable/40213671)** Elizabeth Oyler **(2008)** **[Transfiguration: Man-Made Objects as Demons in Japanese Scrolls](https://www.jstor.org/stable/1178217)** Elizabeth Lillehoj **(1995)** [**Yamauba and Oni-Women**](https://www.jstor.org/stable/26845333) Noriko T. Reider **(2019)** --- ##### **Religion** **[A Structural Reading of the Kojiki](https://wako.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/4869/files/h2109.pdf)** Kazuo Matsumura **(2021)** **[Becoming Kami? Discourse on Postmortem Ritual Deification in the Ryukyus](https://www.jstor.org/stable/25791326)** Evgeny S. Baksheev **(2008)** **[Female Pilgrims and Mt. Fuji: Changing Perspectives on the Exclusion of Women](https://www.jstor.org/stable/25066386)** Miyazaki Fumiko **(2005)** **[Human Sacrifices in Japan](https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3320&context=ocj) ([The Open Court](https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/ocj/about.html))** Noritake Tsuda **(1918)** **[Is the World of the Dead in the Mountains? - Interpreting Myths of the Yomi no Kuni](https://www.kokugakuin.ac.jp/en/article/86245) (Article)** Masahiro Taniguchi **(2018)** **[Musical Toys Offered to Gods at Miho Shrine](https://www.jstor.org/stable/26854489)** Ouchi Fumi **(2018)** **[Research Notes: On Burial Customs, Maternal Spirits, and the Fetus in Japan](https://www.jstor.org/stable/42771896)** Manami Yasui **(2003)** **[Sugoroku Boards as Portable Cosmos in Japanese Religion](https://digitalcommons.oberlin.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1839&context=honors)** Jingyi Yuan **(2021)** **[The Stranger as God: The Place of the Outsider in Japanese Folk Religion](https://www.jstor.org/stable/3773058)** Teigo Yoshida **(1981)** **[Tokoyo no Kami: A Caterpillar Worshipped by a Cargo Cult in Ancient Japan](https://academic.oup.com/ae/article-pdf/60/3/182/18756214/ae60-0182.pdf)** Nan-Yao Su **(2014)** **[When Buddhism Became a "Religion": Religion and Superstition in the Writings of Inoue Enryō](https://www.jstor.org/stable/30233795)** Jason Ānanda Josephson **(2006)** --- ##### **Misc. Culture** **[Cartography in Japan](https://press.uchicago.edu/books/HOC/HOC_V2_B2/HOC_VOLUME2_Book2_chapter11.pdf)** Kazutaka Unno **(1994)** **[The Lore of the Japanese Fan](https://www.jstor.org/stable/2383356)** U. A. Casal **(1960)** # Books ##### **General** **[A Type and Motif Index of Japanese Folk-literature](https://search.worldcat.org/title/286392)** Hiroko Ikeda **(1971)** [**An Introduction to Yōkai Culture: Monsters, Ghosts, and Outsiders in Japanese History**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/981912840) Komatsu Kazuhiko (Translated by Hiroko Yoda & Matt Alt) **(2017)** [**Civilization and Monsters: Spirts of Modernity in Meiji Japan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/41026639) Gerald Figal **(1999)** [**From Country to Nation: Ethnographic Studies, *Kokugaku*, and Spirits in Nineteenth-Century Japan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1226078227) Gideon Fujiwara **(2021)** [**Haunted Japan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1157895800) Catrien Ross **(2020)** [**Pandemonium and Parade**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/185056545) Michael Dylan Foster **(2009)** [**Strange Japanese Yokai**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1345214698) Kenji Murakami (Translated by Zack Davisson) **(2023)** [**The Book of Yōkai**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/883962547) Michael Dylan Foster **(2015)** [**The Japanese Myths: A Guide to Gods, Heroes and Spirits**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1295402520) Joshua Frydman **(2022)** **[The Japanese Psyche: Major Motifs in the Fairy Tales of Japan](https://search.worldcat.org/title/17840655)** Hayao Kawai (Translated by Sachiko Reece) **(1988)** [**The Yanagita Kunio Guide to the Japanese Folk Tale**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/13124829) Edited & Translated by Fanny Hagin Mayer **(1986)** [**When Tengu Talk**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/226389367) Wilburn Hansen **(2008)** [**Yanagita Kunio and Japanese Folklore Studies in the 21st Century - 2nd Ed.**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1362881804) Edited by Ronald A. Morse & Christian Goehlert **(2021)** [**Yanagita Kunio and the Folklore Movement**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/888554327) Ronald A. Morse **(2015)** [**Yokai Attack! The Japanese Monster Survival Guide - Revised Ed.**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/745979535) Hiroko Yoda & Matt Alt (Illustrated by Tatsuya Morino) **(2012)** [**Yokai Studies and On Kokkuri**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/981912840) Enryo Inoue (Translated by Hiroko Yoda & Matt Alt) **(2017)** [**Yurei Attack! The Japanese Ghost Survival Guide**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/841413443) Hiroko Yoda & Matt Alt (Illustrated by Shinkichi) **(2012)** --- ##### **Compilations of Tales** [**Folktales from the Japanese Countryside: As Told by Hiroko Fujita**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/226072290) Edited by Fran Stallings with Harold Wright & Miki Sakurai **(2007)** [**Japanese Folktales**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1018075064) Compiled by Yei Theodora Ozaki **(2018)** [**Japanese Ghost Stories (Penguin Classics)**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1053611097) Lafcadio Hearn **(2019)** [**Japanese Myths & Legends: Tales of Heroes, Gods & Monsters - Collector's Ed.**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1289260405) Jack Jackson **(2022)** [**Japanese Tales**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/13823115) Edited & Translated by Royall Tyler **(1987)** [**Kwaidan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/62720430) Lafcadio Hearn **(1904 / 2005)** [**Manga Yokai Stories**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1139203282) Lafcadio Hearn (Retold by Sean Michael Wilson & Illustrated by Inko Ai Takita) **(2020)** **[Of Ghosts and Goblins](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1328027404)** Lafcadio Hearn **(2022)** [**Seven Demon Stories from Medieval Japan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/930364242) Noriko T. Reider **(2016)** [**Strange Tales from Japan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1263781564) Collected & Retold by Keisuke Nishimoto. Translated by William Scott Wilson. **(2021)** [**Tales of Japan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1048130274) Illustrated by Kotaro Chiba **(2019)** --- ##### **Translated Works** [**Folk Legends from Tono**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/898161646) **(Tōno Monogatari)** Collected by Yanagita Kunio & Sasaki Kizen (Translated & Edited by Ronald A. Morse) **(1910 / 2015)** [**The Legends of Tono: 100th Anniversary Edition**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/823845283) **(Tōno Monogatari)** Kunio Yanagita (Translated by Ronald A. Morse) **(1910 / 2008)** **[Tono Monogatari](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1153537414) (Manga) (Tōno Monogatari)** Kunio Yanagita (Artwork by Shigeru Mizuki, Translated by Zack Davisson) **(1910 / 2021)** [**Tales of Moonlight and Rain**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/68416879) **(Ugetsu Monogatari)** Ueda Akinari (Translated by Anthony H. Chambers) **(18th Cent. / 2007)** [**Ugetsu Monogatari or Tales of Moonlight and Rain**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/282117) **(Ugetsu Monogatari)** Ueda Akinari (Translated & Edited by Leon M. Zolbrod) **(18th Cent. / 1972)** --- ##### **Modern Translated Fiction** [**Hard-Boiled Wonderland and the End of the World**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/24009283) Haruki Murakami (Translated by Alfred Birnbaum) **(1985 / 1991)** [**Kappa: A Novel**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/145387) Ryaunosuke Akutagawa (Translated by Geoffrey Bownas) **(1927 / 1971)** --- ##### **Encyclopaedias** [**Handbook of Japanese Mythology**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/52086161) Michael Ashkenazi **(2003)** [**The Night Parade of One Hundred Demons - Revised Ed.**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/931814294) Matthew Meyer **(2015)** [**The Hour of Meeting Evil Spirits**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/933938937) Matthew Meyer **(2015)** [**The Book of Hakutaku**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1113868758) Matthew Meyer **(2018)** [**The Fox's Wedding**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1344288924) Matthew Meyer **(2021)** --- ##### **Picture Books** [**Japandemonium Illustrated: The Yokai Encyclopaedias of Toriyama Sekien**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/909082541) Translated & Annotated by Hiroko Yoda & Matt Alt **(18th Cent. / 2016)** [**Japanese Yokai and Other Supernatural Beings**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1376278622) Andreas Marks **(2023)** **[Hell in Japanese Art](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1334941940)** Text by Kajitani Ryoji & Nishida Naoki. Art Direction and Planning by Takaoka Kazuya. **(2017)** [**Kyōsai’s Animal Circus**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1289986855) Sadamura Koto **(19th Cent. / 2022)** **[Something Wicked from Japan: Ghosts, Demons & Yokai in Ukiyo-e Masterpieces](https://search.worldcat.org/title/953394390)** Ei Nakau **(2016)** **[Yokai](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1262533790)** Yumoto Kōichi **(2021)** **[Yokai: The Ancient Prints of Japanese Monsters](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1331706440)** Paolo Linetti **(2022)** **[Yokainoshima: Island of Monsters](https://search.worldcat.org/title/973814676)** Charles Fréger **(2016)** **[Yokai Museum: The Art of Japanese Supernatural Beings from Yumoto Koichi Collection](https://search.worldcat.org/title/858826748)** Yumoto Kōichi **(2013)** [**Yokai Storyland: Illustrated Books from the Yumoto Koichi Collection**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1319633394) Yumoto Kōichi **(2018)** **[Yokai Wars: Demonic Manga](https://search.worldcat.org/title/825076241)** Kyosai Kawanabe **(19th Cent. / 2012)** **[Yokai Wonderland: More from Yumoto Koichi Collection: Supernatural Beings in Japanese Art](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1130277290)** Yumoto Kōichi **(2017)** --- ##### **Individual Yōkai Studies** [**The Fox and the Jewel: Shared and Private Meanings in Contemporary Japanese Inari Worship**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/39523475) Karen A. Smyers **(1999)** [**The Fox's Craft in Japanese Religion and Folklore**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/52559057) Michael Bathgate **(2004)** [**Japanese Demon Lore: Oni from Ancient Times to the Present**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/650504604) Noriko T. Reider **(2010)** **[Kaibyō: The Supernatural Cats of Japan - 2nd Ed.](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1268134005)** Zack Davisson **(2021)** [**Mountain Witches: Yamauba**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1236899614) Noriko T. Reider **(2021)** [**Namazu-e and their Themes: An Interpretative Approach to Some Aspects of Japanese Folk Religion**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/164688538) Cornelis Ouwehand **(1964)** [**Yurei: The Japanese Ghost**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/870289153) Zack Davisson **(2015)** --- ##### **Religion** **[A Social History of the Ise Shrines](https://search.worldcat.org/title/962442374)** Mark Teeuwen & John Breen **(2017)** **[How Like a God: Deification in Japanese Religion](https://search.worldcat.org/title/965436397)** Sata Hiroo (Translated by David Noble) **(2016)** **[Imperial Politics and Symbolics in Ancient Japan: The Tenmu Dynasty, 650-800](https://search.worldcat.org/title/213495459)** Herman Ooms **(2009)** **[Japanese Historians and the National Myths, 1600-1945 : the Age of the Gods and Emperor Jinmu](https://search.worldcat.org/title/48100602)** John S. Brownlee **(1997)** [**Japanese Mythology: Hermeneutics on Scripture**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/184982467) Jun'ichi Isomae **(2009)** [**Kojiki**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/67564) Translated & Annotated by Donald L. Philippi **(8th Cent. / 1968)** [**Kyoto's Gion Festival**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1356958737) Mark Teeuwen **(2023)** [**Mountain Mandalas: Shugendō in Kyushu**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/931226935) Allan G. Grapard **(2016)** **[Norito: A Translation of the Ancient Japanese Ritual Prayers - Updated Ed.](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1190775352)** Donald L. Philippi **(1959 / 1990)** **[Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697](https://search.worldcat.org/title/64773396)** (Nihon Shoki) Translated by W. G. Aston **(8th Cent. / 1896)** [**Overseas Shinto Shrines**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1303075592) Karli Shimizu **(2023)** **[Plotting the Prince: Shotoku Cults and the Mapping of Medieval Japanese Buddhism](https://search.worldcat.org/title/792881322)** Kevin Grey Carr **(2012)** [**Political Thought in Japanese Historical Writing: From Kojiki (712) to Tokushi Yoron (1712)**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/25833202) John S. Brownlee **(1991)** [**Religion, Power, and the Rise of Shinto in Early Japan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1161389940) Edited by Stefan Köck, Brigitte Pickl-Kolaczia, & Bernard Scheid **(2021)** [**Shinto: The Ancient Religion of Japan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/4263229) William George Aston **(1907)** [**Shinto, Nature and Ideology in Contemporary Japan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/994144541) Aike P. Rots **(2017)** **[Songs of Gods, Songs of Humans: The Epic Tradition of the Ainu](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1050533912)** Donald L. Philippi **(1979 / 2015)** **[The Catalpa Bow: A Study of Shamanistic Practices in Japan - 3rd Ed.](https://search.worldcat.org/title/42366627)** Carmen Blacker **(1999)** [**The Essence of Shinto: Japan's Spiritual Heart**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/156767773) Motohisa Yamakage **(2007)** [**The God Susanoo and Korea in Japan's Cultural Memory**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1249629533) David Weiss **(2022)** [**The Origin of Modern Shinto in Japan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/920451369) Yijang Zhong **(2016)** [**The Sea and the Sacred in Japan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1006451037) Edited by Fabio Rambelli **(2018)** [**The Six National Histories of Japan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/227038192) **(Rikkokushi)** Taro Sakamoto (Translated by John S. Brownlee) **(8th - 10th Cent. / 1991)** [**Understanding Shinto: Origins, Beliefs, Practices, Festivals, Spirits, Sacred Places**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/49875270) C. Scott Littleton **(2002)** --- ##### **Misc. Culture** [**A History of Japanese Literature**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1515492) William George Aston **(1899)** [**Classical Japanese Reader and Essential Dictionary**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/70660086) Haruo Shirane **(2007)** [**Classical Japanese: A Grammar**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/56614240) Haruo Shirane **(2005)** [**Handbook to Life in Medieval and Early Modern Japan**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/81861508) William E. Deal **(2007)** **[Japanese Nō Dramas (Penguin Classics)](https://search.worldcat.org/title/29847742)** Royall Tyler **(1992)** **[Japanese Family Crests and Designs](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1378769224)** Nobuyoshi Hamada **(2023)** **[Poison Woman: Figuring Female Transgression in Modern Japanese Culture](https://search.worldcat.org/title/76897620)** Christine L. Marran **(2007)** **[Routledge Handbook of Premodern Japanese History](https://search.worldcat.org/title/967919674)** Edited by Karl F. Friday **(2017)** [**The Cambridge History of Japanese Literature**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/936082434) Edited by Haruo Shirane, Tomi Suzuki, & David Barnett Lurie **(2016)** [**The Illustrated Guide to the Fantastic Edo Era**](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1063532672) Zenyoji Susumu & Lynne Hobday **(2018)** **[The Tale of Genji: A Visual Companion](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1019839151)** Melissa McCormick **(2018)** **[This Wine of Peace, this Wine of Laughter: A Complete Anthology of Japan's Earliest Songs](https://search.worldcat.org/title/685959)** Donald L. Philippi **(1979 / 2015)** # Links ##### **General** Yōkai Database - International Research Center for Japanese Studies, Kyoto, Japan [https://www.nichibun.ac.jp/YoukaiDB/](https://www.nichibun.ac.jp/YoukaiDB/)** **(Japanese) Yōkai Database - Matthew Meyer **[https://yokai.com/](https://yokai.com/)** **(English)** 'Time and Tide' - NHK Documentary Series **[https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/tv/timetide/](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/tv/timetide/)** **(English / Japanese)** Miyoshi Mononoke Museum (Yōkai Museum) **[https://miyoshi-mononoke.jp/](https://miyoshi-mononoke.jp/)** **(Japanese)** Japanese Historical Text Initiative - University of California at Berkley **[https://jhti.berkeley.edu/index.html](https://jhti.berkeley.edu/index.html)** **(English)** Japanese Text Initiative - University of Virginia Library Electronic Text Center & the University of Pittsburgh East Asian Library **[https://jti.lib.virginia.edu/japanese/](https://jti.lib.virginia.edu/japanese/)** **(English)** Kokugakuin University Digital Museum **[https://d-museum.kokugakuin.ac.jp/](https://d-museum.kokugakuin.ac.jp/)** **(Japanese)** Note: If the page does not display correctly, delete 'en/' from the end of the URL. National Institute of Japanese Literature, Japan **[https://www.nijl.ac.jp/en/](https://www.nijl.ac.jp/en/) (English / Japanese)** Historiographical Institute - University of Tokyo **[https://www.hi.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/](https://www.hi.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/) (English / Japanese)** Monumenta Nipponica **[https://dept.sophia.ac.jp/monumenta/](https://dept.sophia.ac.jp/monumenta/)** **(English)** --- ##### **Religion** Kojiki Manuscript Scans - Waseda University Library **[https://archive.wul.waseda.ac.jp/kosho/ri05/ri05\_04868/](https://archive.wul.waseda.ac.jp/kosho/ri05/ri05_04868/)** **(Japanese)** Nihon Shoki Manuscript Scans - Waseda University Library **[https://archive.wul.waseda.ac.jp/kosho/ri05/ri05\_01940/](https://archive.wul.waseda.ac.jp/kosho/ri05/ri05_01940/)** **(Japanese) [https://archive.wul.waseda.ac.jp/kosho/ri05/ri05\_00406/](https://archive.wul.waseda.ac.jp/kosho/ri05/ri05_00406/)** **(Japanese)** Japanese Journal of Religious Studies **[https://nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp/journal/6](https://nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp/journal/6)** **(English)** Jinja Honcho - Association of Shinto Shrines **[https://www.jinjahoncho.or.jp/en/index.html](https://www.jinjahoncho.or.jp/en/index.html)** **(English)** Jinja Shinto - Shinto Online Network Association **[http://www.jinja.or.jp/](http://www.jinja.or.jp/)** **(English / Japanese)** Ise Jingu (Shrine) **[https://www.isejingu.or.jp/en/](https://www.isejingu.or.jp/en/)** **(English)** Shinto Portal - Kokugakuin University **[https://www2.kokugakuin.ac.jp/e-shinto/](https://www2.kokugakuin.ac.jp/e-shinto/) (English / Japanese)**